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a Related Biological Terms:

calorimetry

(see isothermal titration calorimetry)

calpain

A calcium-dependent cellular proteinase with a neutral pH optimum.

calpastatin

A protein inhibitor of a calpain.

candidate

A compound, metabolite or peptide, etc. with a putative role; e.g. a candidate hormone may be a natural peptide which has in vitro bioactivity, but for which its characteristics in vivo have not yet been demonstrated.

canine

Derived from the dog

canyon hypothesis

A proposal to reconcile both the necessary invariability, and apparent non-immunogenicity, of the host cell receptor attachment site of a virus (e.g. a rhinovirus), and the ability of the same virus to mutate into many different immunologically recognized serotypes. The critical attachment site of the virus is sequestered at the bottom of a deep, narrow cleft, a 'canyon', which allows access to the receptor but not to an immunoglobulin; sites at the 'rim' of the canyon are accessible to immunoglobulins, but as they are not critical to the virus, they can mutate freely. Rossmann, M.G. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 14587-14590 Learn more about sgRNA.

cap

The 7-methylguanine nucleoside attached to the 5'-end of mRNA by a 5'-5'-triphosphate bond.

cap site

The site on a DNA template where transcription begins. It corresponds to the nucleotide at the 5'-end of the RNA transcript which accepts the 7-methylguanine cap.

capacitative Ca2+ entry

(see store-operated calcium entry)

capacitative Ca2+ entry

(see store-operated calcium entry)

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