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Thyroglobulin antibody

Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) is an antibody produced by the immune system that targets thyroglobulin, a protein made by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland produces hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which play a crucial role in regulating metabolism and other bodily functions.

In some individuals, the immune system may produce antibodies against thyroglobulin, leading to the presence of thyroglobulin antibodies in the blood. The presence of TgAb is commonly tested as part of thyroid function tests, especially when evaluating thyroid-related conditions.

Thyroglobulin antibodies can interfere with the measurement of thyroglobulin levels in the blood when monitoring patients with thyroid cancer. Thyroglobulin is used as a tumor marker in such cases, and the presence of TgAb can cause inaccurate or falsely elevated thyroglobulin test results.

Moreover, TgAb is also associated with certain thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid). In Hashimoto's thyroiditis, TgAb levels are often elevated, along with other thyroid-specific autoantibodies like thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb).

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