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a Related Biological Terms:

beta (β)-barrel

A form of supersecondary structure: a structure within a globular protein in which six or more extended polypeptide strands (β-pleated sheets) are arrayed cylindrically to form the staves of a barrel.

beta (β)-bend

(= reverse turn)

beta-beta (β-β)-hairpin

A form of secondary structure in proteins in which an extended polypeptide chain turns sharply to fold back upon itself and forms an antiparallel β-sheet.

beta (β)-cell

(see islet)

beta (β)-configuration

(see alpha (α)-configuration)

beta (β)-isomer

In sugar chemistry, the anomer that places the hemiacetal (or hemiketal) hydroxy group on the same side of the pyranose (or furanose) ring as the non-ring carbon atom. (see also alpha (α)-isomer) Check our peptide calculator tool.

beta (β)-oxidation

The series of enzymic reactions that oxidizes fatty acyl-CoA esters and shortens them by removal of the C-terminal two carbon atoms as acetyl-CoA. More narrowly, it is the oxidation of a compound, such as a fatty acid, at the β-carbon.

beta (β)-oxidative decarboxylation

(see oxidative decarboxylation)

beta (β)-peptide

An oligomer of β-amino acids Borman, S. (1997) Chem. Engin. News 75(24), 32-35

beta (β)-pleated sheet

A form of secondary structure of a protein in which the amide hydrogens of a peptide bond of one extended polypeptide sequence are shared with the carbonyl oxygens of a peptide bond on a second polypeptide sequence. A sheet that often consists of three or more polypeptide sequences is said to be parallel (i.e. both adjacent strands run in the same direction; N- to C-terminal) or antiparallel. Learn more about amino acid chart.

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