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heterosis

In simple terms, heterosis is a broad concept that refers to the F1 hybrid's value surpassing the average value of its parents. It describes the phenomenon where the offspring resulting from crosses between diverse varieties of a species or even different species exhibit enhanced traits such as increased biomass, faster development, and greater fertility compared to both parents.

Heterosis, also known as hybrid vigor or outbreeding enhancement, denotes the improved or heightened performance of any biological characteristic in a hybrid offspring.

When the heterozygotes in a population demonstrate superior fitness compared to the homozygotes, such as displaying better growth, increased survival abilities, and/or higher fertility, heterosis becomes evident. Examples can be observed in certain plants that thrive better when pollinated by different individuals rather than self-pollinated. The effect of heterosis can also manifest in hybrids, as seen in the case of hybrid vigor.

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