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major histocompatibility complex (MHC)

The products of genes grouped together on a chromosome that determine whether transplanted tissues will be accepted (if from an individual with the same MHC) or rejected. In the human, they are known as human leucocyte antigen molecules (HLAs). MHC gene products are highly variable intrinsic membrane proteins of the immunoglobulin superfamily and consist of two types: class I form non-covalent heterodimers with 2-microglobulin and, along with a foreign protein such as a viral antigen, comprise a recognition complex for a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte; class II consist of dimers of highly variable such proteins, and occur in macrophages and B-lymphocytes.Elliott, T., Smith, M., Driscoll, P. and McMichael, A. (1993) Curr. Biol. 3, 854-866; Gumperz, J.E. and Parham, P. (1995) Nature (London) 378, 245-248

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