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genomic DNA

Genomic DNA refers to the genetic material that in eukaryotes is found organized into multiple chromosomes within a nucleus, while in prokaryotes is organized as circular DNA residing within the cytoplasm. In eukaryotic cells, genomic DNA includes protein-coding (exons) and non-coding sequences (introns); in contrast, prokaryotes’ genomic DNA only contains exon sequences.

Different molecular biology applications (e.g., Sanger, Next-generation sequencing) require the isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood or tissues. Isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood may be achieved through different methods (e.g., solution-based or solid-phase DNA extraction) involving several basic steps such as cell lysis, nucleoprotein denaturation, enzyme inactivation, contaminant removal (i.e., RNA, lipids, and proteins), and lastly DNA precipitation.

Recommended reading: next generation sequencing

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