DNA Related Biological Terms

The DNA of plant plastids, including chloroplasts.

A DNA molecule produced by replication of a parent DNA molecule.

A section of DNA that has been inserted into a vector molecule, such as a plasmid or a phage chromosome, and then replicated to form many identical copies. See also clone

1. A method of identifying people based on the analyses of a persons satalite DNA (satalite DNA are small tandem repeats which make up a significant proportion of a cell's DNA and that is unique for each person)2. The largely individual-specific autoradiographic banding pattern produced when DNA is digested with a Restriction endonuclease that cuts outside a family of VNTRs, and a Southern blot of the electrophoretic gel is probed with a VNTR-specific probe.

endonuclease initiating excision repair at various damaged or improper Bases in DNA.

Known DNA sizes used to determine the size of an unknown DNA sample. The DNA ladder usually contains regularly spaced sized samples which when run on an agarose gel looks like a "ladder".

An enzyme that closes nicks or discontinuities in one strand of double-stranded DNA by creating an ester bond between adjacent 3' OH and 5' PO4 ends on the same strand.

Any unique DNA sequence which can be used in DNA hybridization, PCR or Restriction mapping experiments to identify that sequence. See expressed sequence tag and sequence tagged site.

A multisubunit enzyme which plays a role in synthesizing new DNA strands using a DNA template by catalysing the formation of phosphodiester bonds; several such enzymes exist.

One of two or more alternate forms (alleles) of a chromosomal locus that differ in nucleotide sequence or have variable numbers of repeated nucleotide units.