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lipopolysaccharide (LPS)

A constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria; composed of an outward-directed and highly variable oligosaccharide (the O-antigen), which is responsible for the antigenicity of the product, linked to a relatively invariable core oligosaccharide, in turn linked to a less polar moiety (lipid A) that is embedded in the membrane and is responsible for the endotoxicity and pyrogenicity of the product. R strains produce colonies with a rough surface and have truncated lipopolysaccharides; S strains produce colonies with a smooth appearance.

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